By Dennis McCaslin-Today in Fort Smith
A Tennessee-born military man who fought in both the Mexican-American and Civil War, briefly commanded in the fort in Fort Smith, and was one of the most respected criminal lawyers in Arkansas during the 19th century is one of the most complex individuals to wind up interred in a Crawford County cemetery.
Napoleon Bonaparte Burrow, a name echoing both grandeur and controversy, began his journey in Bedford County, Tennessee. Born to Banks Mitchum and Mary (Blanchard) Burrow, 1818, he was destined for a life of distinction. His father, a farmer, instilled in him the values of hard work and perseverance.
In 1836, Burrow entered Nashville University, graduating from the law department in 1839. He quickly established himself as a promising young lawyer in Huntingdon, Carroll County.
However, his legal career was soon interrupted by the outbreak of the Mexican War.
As a second lieutenant in the 2nd Tennessee Volunteers, Burrow distinguished himself in General Scott’s assault on Mexico City. His bravery during the Battle of Chapultepec earn him distinction and numerous medals.
After the war, Burrow moved to Arkansas, where he became a prominent lawyer and planter in Jefferson County and later near Van Buren. His political career flourished as he served as a state senator from 1851 to 1855 and participated in the 1860 Democratic conventions.
A staunch secessionist, Burrow played a pivotal role in Arkansas’s secession. He led his militia brigade to take over Fort Smith but faced severe criticism for his conduct. Despite this, he was appointed a brigadier general and tasked with transferring Arkansas militia to Confederate command, a mission that ended in failure.
After the Civil War, Burrow returned to his legal and farming pursuits in Van Buren. He gained notoriety as a top criminal lawyer in Arkansas.
His life, marked by both valor and controversy, ended in 1880 when he succumbed to pneumonia in Alma, Arkansas.
He rests in Alma City Cemetery, leaving behind a legacy of bravery, political influence, controversy, and legal prowess.
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